Commonly used insulating materials and their functions are as follows:

(1) Transformer oil. High insulation strength. The compressive strength of pure oil can reach 200-250kV/cm, which is about 7 times higher than air. The use of transformer oil for insulation can greatly reduce the volume; its heat capacity is higher than that of air. Large, and can carry out natural or forced circulation in the transformer, and can dissipate the heat in the winding and iron core through the radiator. The role of transformer oil is insulation and heat dissipation.

(2) Insulating cardboard. It is pressed by sulphate system pulp and has several thicknesses of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0mm. The insulation performance is improved after oil immersion. The paperboard is placed in the oil gap, because it can cut off the bridge formed by the moisture and fibers in the oil under the action of the electric field, so the insulation strength of the oil gap can be improved. Cardboard is often used to make soft paper tubes, stays, spacers, phase spacers, foot insulation, support insulation, and corner ring cores.

(3) Cable paper. Commonly used cable paper thicknesses are 0.08, 0.12, 0.17mm, etc. Cable paper is generally used as inter-turn insulation, interlayer insulation, lead insulation and reinforced insulation of end leads of transformer windings.

(4) Tape products. It is a paper tube or paper tube made of tape roll coated with phenolic resin on one side, and then baked and painted. It has good electrical properties and mechanical strength. It is often used as transformer winding and iron core, winding and winding The insulation between the iron yoke screw and the tap changer.

(5) Wood. Commonly used are Fraxinus mandshurica, white birch and so on. It needs to be processed before use, and used as lead bracket, tap bracket and wood screw in transformer.

(6) Varnished cloth (silk) or varnished cloth (silk) tape. It has good electrical properties and high strength and elasticity. It is mostly used to wrap the bend of the lead or to bind the parts with higher quality requirements.

(7) Electric porcelain products. Used as outer insulation of casing.

(8) Epoxy products. The glass ribbon used to impregnate and bind the iron core column is sometimes made into plates, rods, rings and cylinders, and made into insulating parts.

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