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How much do you know about the 5-axis knowledge?
2019-06-25

How much do you know about the 5-axis knowledge? Learn more about these multi-axis knowledge that you don't know!


In recent years, five-axis CNC machining centers have been used more and more widely in various fields. In practical applications, five-axis linkage technology is undoubtedly an important means to solve such problems whenever people encounter high-efficiency and high-quality machining problems of complex parts. More and more manufacturers are tempted to find five-axis equipment to meet high efficiency and high quality processing. But are you really understanding five-axis machining?

To really understand the five-axis machining, the first thing we have to do is to understand what a five-axis machine is. The five-axis machine (5 Axis Machining), as the name implies, adds two rotating axes to the three common linear axes of X, Y, and Z. The two rotating shafts of the three axes A, B and C have different motion modes to meet the technical requirements of various products.

Two rotation coordinates directly control the direction of the tool axis (double swing head form)

The two axes are at the top of the tool, but the axis of rotation is not perpendicular to the axis (tilting type)

Two rotation coordinates directly control the rotation of the space (double turntable form)

The two axes are on the table, but the axis of rotation is not perpendicular to the axis (draft type bench)

Two rotation coordinates are applied to the tool, and a five-axis machine tool that works on the workpiece (in a swing-and-turn form). I believe we should understand what the five-axis machine is moving and how to move. However, what kind of characteristics can such a machine tool structure show during processing? What are the advantages compared to traditional three-axis machines? Let's take a look at the luminous points of the five-axis machine.


What are the characteristics of the five-axis machine?


Speaking of the characteristics of the five-axis machine tool, it is necessary to compare with the traditional three-axis equipment. Three-axis machining equipment is relatively common in production, including vertical, horizontal and gantry. Common machining methods include end mill edge machining and side edge machining. The contouring of the ball head knife and so on. But no matter which form and method has a common feature, the direction of the tool axis remains constant during the machining process. The machine tool can only realize the rectangular coordinate of the tool in space by interpolation of three linear axes of X, Y and Z. The movement in the system. Therefore, in the face of the following products, the disadvantages of low efficiency, poor surface quality and even inability to process the three-axis machine are exposed.


Compared with the three-axis CNC machining equipment, the five-link CNC machine has the following advantages:


1. Maintain the optimal cutting state of the tool and improve the cutting conditions

As shown above, in the three-axis cutting mode on the left, when the cutting tool moves toward the tip or the edge of the workpiece, the cutting state gradually deteriorates. To maintain optimum cutting conditions here, you need to rotate the table.


2. Effectively avoid tool interference

For the components such as impellers, blades and integral blade discs used in the aerospace industry, the three-axis equipment cannot meet the process requirements due to interference. A five-axis machine can be satisfied. At the same time, the five-axis machine can also use shorter tools for machining, increase the rigidity of the system, reduce the number of tools, and avoid the generation of special tools.


3. Reduce the number of clamping times, complete the five-sided processing in one setup

The five-axis machining center can also reduce the reference conversion and improve the machining accuracy. In the actual processing, only one clamping is required, and the machining accuracy is more easily guaranteed. At the same time, due to the shortening of the process chain and the reduction of the number of equipment, the five-axis machining center also reduces the number of fixtures, workshop floor space and equipment maintenance costs. This means you can achieve more efficient and higher quality machining with fewer fixtures, less plant space and maintenance costs!


4. Improve processing quality and efficiency
The five-axis machine tool can be cut by the tool side edge, which is more efficient.

5. Shorten the production process chain and simplify production management

The complete machining of the five-axis CNC machine tool greatly shortens the production process chain and simplifies production management and scheduling. The more complex the workpiece, the more obvious its advantages over the traditional process-dispersed production methods.


6. Shorten new product development cycle
For aerospace, automotive and other companies, some new product parts and forming molds are complex in shape and high in precision. Therefore, a five-axis CNC machining center with high flexibility, high precision, high integration and complete processing capability can be used. It is a good solution to the accuracy and cycle problems of complex parts processing in the process of new product development, greatly shortening the development cycle and improving the success rate of new products.

In summary, the five-axis machine tool has too many advantages, but the five-axis machine tool attitude control, CNC system, CAM programming and post-processing are more complicated than the three-axis machine tool!
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